For and against essay примеры сочинений

метки: Пример, Английский, Против, Сочинение, Against, Language, Предложение, Thing

Чтобы понять что от вас хотят экзаменаторы и как писать эссе, полезно и нужно читать и изучать примеры (essay samples).

CAMBRIDGE IELTS TESTS 9-14

Именно CAMBRIDGE составляет задания IELTS и в своей литературе публикует эссе, с которых можно брать пример. Большая часть из того, что вы находите в интернете может быть неизвестно кем написано и не факт, что правильно. Будьте осторожны и проверяйте кто автор.

В конце каждой книги есть ценные примеры части 1 и эссе. Есть идеальные работы и не очень. Там написан балл за writing и комментарии экзаменатора. Читайте то, где написано this is a good example of an essay (и нет балла).

Обращайте внимание на:

• Грамматику
• Слова
• Формальный стиль
• Слова связки

Делайте себе пометки по этим пунктам и используйте это в своем эссе.

• Где мне брать крутые грамматические конструкции и слова для письменной части? — спросите вы. Именно в примерах эссе. Тут все для вас собрано в 250-300 словах.

Давайте разберем отличное эссе:

Some people prefer to spend their lives doing the same things and avoiding change. Others, however, think that change is always a good thing. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

Over the last half century the pace of change in the life of human beings has increased beyond our wildest expectations. This has been driven by technological and scientific breakthroughs that are changing the whole way we view the world on an almost daily basis. This means that change is not always a personal option, but an inescapable fact of life, and we need to constantly adapt to keep pace with it. (Отличное перефразирование задания с супер словами и свое мнение, что автор согласен со вторым взглядом. 3 предложения)

Those people who believe they have achieved some security by doing the same, familiar things are living in denial. Even when people believe they are resisting change themselves, they cannot stop the world around them from changing. Sooner or later they will find that the familiar jobs no longer exist, or that the ‘safe’ patterns of behaviour are no longer appropriate. (Объяснение мнения о том, что «change is good» и развитие этой идеи)

However, (Слово связка — контраст) reaching the conclusion that change is inevitable is not the same as assuming that ‘change is always for the better’. Unfortunately, it is not always the case that new things are promoted because they have good impacts for the majority of people. A lot of innovations are made with the aim of making money for a few.This is because it is the rich and powerful people in our society who are able to impose changes (such as in working conditions or property developments) — ПРИМЕРЫ that are in their own interests. (Объяснение первого мнения про «doing the same things». В этом параграфе также можно написать ПОЧЕМУ некоторые люди prefer to spend their lives doing the same things and avoiding change?)

In conclusion, I tend to think that change can be stimulating and energising for individuals when they pursue it themselves, but that all change, including that which is imposed on people, does not necessarily have good outcomes. (Заключение с четкой своей позицией. Лучше писать 2 предложения в последнем параграфе т.к некоторые экзаменаторы могут посчитать, что если 1 предложение, то этот параграф слишком короткий)

Вот ещё парочка отличных эссе ОТ ОФИЦИАЛЬНЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ (CAMBRIDGE), где:

• чёткая структура
• всё связано и логично; легко читается
• идеи объясняются и есть примеры
• отличный и разнообразный словарный запас

— правильная и разнообразная грамматика (страдательный залог и 2-й тип условных предложений: if … would …)

— формальный стиль

Ниже идеальное эссе (по мнению Cambridge) на отметку 9 из 9, наслаждайтесь:

Some people say that the best way to improve public health is by increasing the number of sports facilities. Others, however, say that this would have little effect on public health and that other measures are required.

Discuss both the views and give your opinion.

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Write at least 250 words.

A problem of modern societies is the declining level of health in the general population, with conflicting views on how to tackle this worrying trend. One possible solution is to provide more sports facilities to encourage a more active lifestyle.

Advocates of this believe that todays sedentary lifestyle (WOW! Это крутое словосочетание!) and stressful working conditions mean that physical activity is no longer part of either our work or our leisure time. If there were easy to-reach local sports centres, we would be more likely to make exercise a regular part of our lives, rather than just collapsing in front of a screen every evening. The variety of sports that could be offered would cater for all ages, levels of fitness and interests: those with painful memories of PE at school might be happier in the swimming pool than on the football pitch (А это супер слово означает футбольное поле).

However, there may be better ways of tackling this problem . Interest in sport is not universal, and additional facilities might simply attract the already fit, not those who most need them. Physical activity could be encouraged relatively cheaply, for example by installing exercise equipment in parks, as my local council has done. This has the added benefit that parents and children often use them together just for fun, which develops a positive attitude to exercise at an early age .

As well as physical activity, high tax penalties could be imposed on high-fat food products, tobacco and alcohol, as excessive consumption of any of these contributes to poor health . Even improving public transport would help: it takes longer to walk to the bus stop than to the car.

In my opinion, focusing on sports facilities is too narrow an approach and would not have the desired results. People should be encouraged not only to be more physically active but also to adopt a healthier lifestyle in general.

306 слов.

Этот шедевр конечно огромный, Вы можете написать 300 слов, если это у вас мастерски получается за 40 мин, но если напишите 250-270 — это нормально.

Давайте теперь посмотрим только на ГРАММАТИКУ

Какие грамматические конструкции нужно писать в эссе?

Они выделены в этом эссе от CAMBRIDGE:

Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin learning a foreign language at primary school rather than secondary school.

Do the advantage of this outweigh the disadvantages?

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Write at least 250 words.

Traditionally, children have begun (О да! Это же present perfect!) studying foreign languages at secondary school, but introducing them earlier is recommended (Yes, страдательный залог!) by some educationalists. This policy has been adopted (Ого! страдательный залог в перфекте!) by some educational authorities or individual schools, with both positive and negative outcomes. (Заметили, что предложения состоят из двух частей, которые разделены запятыми? — это, друзья, сложные предложения, необходимые для балла 6.5 и выше)

The obvious argument in its favour is that young children pick up languages much more easily (Усиливаем наречие easily при помощи much) than teenagers. Their brains are still programmed to (Что это? Правильно, опять он, страдательный залог) acquire their mother tongue, which facilitates leaming another language, and unlike adolescents (Эффектное сравнение) , they are not inhibited by self-consciousness.

The greater flexibility of the primary timetable allows for more frequent, shorter sessions and for a play-centered approach, thus maintaining learners enthusiasm and progress (Сложное предложение из нескольких частей со связкой thus) . Their command of the language in later life will benefit (А вот и будущее время) from this early exposure. while leaming other languages subsequently will be easier for them. They may also gain a better understanding of other cultures.

There are, however, some disadvantages. Primary school teachers are generalists, and may not have (Модальный глагол, чтобы смягчить своё мнение и выразить его более формально) the necessary language skills themselves. lf specialists have to (Модальный глагол) be brought in to deliver these sessions, the flexibility referred to above is diminished (А тут у нас условное предложение c if — Ура!) . lf primary language leaching is not standardised, secondary schools could be (Модальный глагол, который ранее не употреблялся и опять 1ый условный тип с if) faced with a great variety of levels in different languages within their intake, resulting in a classroom experience which undoes the earlier gains. There is no advantage it enthusiastic primary pupils become demotivated as soon as they change schools. However, these issues can be addressed (Модальный глагол + страдательный залог) strategically within the policy adopted.

Anything which encourages language leaming benefits society culturally and economically, and early exposure to language learning contributes to this. Young children’s innate abilities should be harnessed (Другой модальный глагол + страдательный залог) to make these benefits more achievable.

Всё правильно без ошибок. Даже запятые верно расставлены.

Выпишите себе эти конструкции и используйте их в ваших эссе, чтобы балл за критерий по грамматике у вас был выше.

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